Spray nozzles transform the energy of a liquid into kinetic energy. The latter is utilized to break the liquid in little particles and disperse them evenly according to the desired pattern.
In some cases the kinetic energy is used to give higher penetration force to the jet. Spray nozzles also allow to obtain pre-set flow capacity according to the pressure (see the tables)
Types of nozzles Industrial spray nozzles are available in a wide range suitable to solve every kind of your spraying problems. Each spray nozzle has a different spray pattern:
Hollow cone spray nozzles
The liquid particles are distributed evenly forming the outer shell of an hollow cone. The area covered by the spray, falling perpendicularly to the jet, is in this case a circumference whose diameter is relative to the distance of the nozzie and the spray angle.
Full cone spray nozzles
In this type of spray the internal part of the cone is also filled evenly with liquid particles. The area covered by the spray, falling perpendicularly to the jet, is in this case a circle whose diameter is relative to the distance of the nozzie and the spray angle.
Flat jet spray nozzles
In this type the area covered by the spray falling perpendicularly in an elongate elliptical shape The dimension of the lateral axis is relative to the distance between the nozzie and the covered area. The dimension of the longitudinal axis is relative both to the distance from the nozzie and the spray angle.
Atomizing nozzles
In these nozzies the compressed air is mixed with the liquid to provide a fine atomization. From the tables you can choose the type of atomizer which better satisfies your specific requirements.
Capacity
The capacity depends on the internal flow area and on the working pressure. In general the relaionship between the capacity and the pressure is the following: Q1 and P1 are known capacity and pressure. Q2 is the resulting capacity at desired pressure P2. All the tables of the catalog are based on water.

For liquid with a specific gravity other than 1 multiply the catalog water capacity by the following conversion:
Spray angle
Nozzles spray angle is usually measured near the orifice. As the spray distance increases the nozzle spray width becomes less exact because of gravity and ambient conditions. Also, an increase of the viscosity of the liquid sprayed reduces the spray angle. The table lists the theoretical coverages at various distances in relation with the spray angle.

Coverage
Droplet size (atomization)
The major factors affecting droplet size are the capacity, the pressure and the spray pattern. Usually an increase of the capacity, under the same conditions of pressure, produces larger droplet sizes. The increase of the pressure reduces the droplet sizes, as well as the increase of the spray angle. Air Atomizing Nozzles produce the smallest droplet sizes, full cone nozzles produce the largest droplet sizes. For every spray pattern, the table shows the median droplet sizes relative to the minimum and maximum capacity values, with a pressure of 3 bar.
Impact
The spray impact depends on capacity, pressure and spray pattern. The highest impact is produced by solid stream and flat spray, the lowest one by wide full and hollow cone. Nozzle wear The nozzle wear produced on the nozzle orifice causes a capacity increase and generally a deterioration of the spray pattern. Under the same test conditions, stainless steel's wear is five time longer than brass wear.
Spray nozzles wear
The nozzle wear produced on the nozzle orifice causes a capacity increase and generally a deterioration of the spray pattern. Under the same test conditions, stainless steel's wear is five time longer than brass wear.
Types of nozzles Industrial spray nozzles are available in a wide range suitable to solve every kind of your spraying problems. Each spray nozzle has a different spray pattern:
The liquid particles are distributed evenly forming the outer shell of an hollow cone. The area covered by the spray, falling perpendicularly to the jet, is in this case a circumference whose diameter is relative to the distance of the nozzie and the spray angle.
In this type of spray the internal part of the cone is also filled evenly with liquid particles. The area covered by the spray, falling perpendicularly to the jet, is in this case a circle whose diameter is relative to the distance of the nozzie and the spray angle.
In this type the area covered by the spray falling perpendicularly in an elongate elliptical shape The dimension of the lateral axis is relative to the distance between the nozzie and the covered area. The dimension of the longitudinal axis is relative both to the distance from the nozzie and the spray angle.
In these nozzies the compressed air is mixed with the liquid to provide a fine atomization. From the tables you can choose the type of atomizer which better satisfies your specific requirements.
Capacity
The capacity depends on the internal flow area and on the working pressure. In general the relaionship between the capacity and the pressure is the following: Q1 and P1 are known capacity and pressure. Q2 is the resulting capacity at desired pressure P2. All the tables of the catalog are based on water.

For liquid with a specific gravity other than 1 multiply the catalog water capacity by the following conversion:
| specific gravity | 0,8 | 0,85 | 0,9 | 0,95 | 1 | 1,1 | 1,2 | 1,3 | 1,4 | 1,5 | |
| conversion factors | 1,12 | 1,085 | 1,052 | 1,027 | 1 | 0,954 | 0,913 | 0,87 | 0,845 | 0,816 |
Spray angle
Nozzles spray angle is usually measured near the orifice. As the spray distance increases the nozzle spray width becomes less exact because of gravity and ambient conditions. Also, an increase of the viscosity of the liquid sprayed reduces the spray angle. The table lists the theoretical coverages at various distances in relation with the spray angle.

Coverage
| H (cm) | ||||||||||||
![]() | 5 | 10 | 15 | 20 | 25 | 30 | 40 | 50 | 60 | 70 | 80 | 100 |
| 10 | 0.87 | 1.75 | 2.62 | 3.5 | 4.37 | 5.25 | 7 | 8.75 | 10.5 | 12.25 | 14 | 17.5 |
| 15 | 1.31 | 2.63 | 3.95 | 5.26 | 6.58 | 7.9 | 10.5 | 13.16 | 15.8 | 18.43 | 21 | 26.3 |
| 20 | 1.76 | 3.52 | 5.28 | 7.04 | 8.8 | 10.5 | 14 | 17.6 | 21.1 | 24.6 | 28.1 | 35.2 |
| 25 | 2.21 | 4.42 | 6.63 | 8.84 | 11 | 13.2 | 17.7 | 22.17 | 26.5 | 30.9 | 35.3 | 44.2 |
| 30 | 2.68 | 5.36 | 8.04 | 10.7 | 13.4 | 16.1 | 21.4 | 26.8 | 32.2 | 37.5 | 42.9 | 53.6 |
| 35 | 3.15 | 6.3 | 9.45 | 12.6 | 15.7 | 18.9 | 25.2 | 31.5 | 37.8 | 44.1 | 50.4 | 63 |
| 40 | 3.64 | 7.28 | 10.9 | 14.6 | 18.2 | 21.8 | 29.1 | 36.4 | 43.7 | 50.9 | 58.2 | 72.8 |
| 45 | 4.14 | 8.28 | 12.4 | 16.6 | 20.7 | 24.8 | 33.1 | 41.4 | 49.7 | 58 | 66.2 | 82.8 |
| 50 | 4.66 | 9.32 | 14 | 18.9 | 23.3 | 28 | 37.3 | 46.6 | 55.9 | 65.9 | 74.6 | 93.2 |
| 55 | 5.20 | 10.4 | 15.6 | 20.8 | 26 | 31.2 | 41.6 | 52 | 62.4 | 72.8 | 83.2 | 104 |
| 60 | 5.77 | 11.5 | 17.3 | 23.1 | 28.8 | 34.6 | 46.2 | 57.7 | 69.2 | 80.8 | 92.3 | 115 |
| 65 | 6.37 | 12.7 | 19.1 | 25.5 | 31.8 | 38.2 | 51 | 63.7 | 76.4 | 89.2 | 102 | 127 |
| 70 | 7.00 | 14 | 21 | 28 | 35 | 42 | 56 | 70 | 84 | 98 | 112 | 140 |
| 75 | 7.67 | 15.3 | 23 | 30.7 | 38.3 | 46 | 61.4 | 76.7 | 92 | 107 | 123 | 153 |
| 80 | 8.47 | 16.8 | 25.2 | 33.6 | 42.3 | 50.4 | 67.2 | 84.7 | 101 | 118 | 134 | 168 |
| 85 | 9.16 | 18.3 | 27.5 | 36.6 | 45.8 | 55 | 73.3 | 91.6 | 110 | 128 | 146 | 183 |
| 90 | 10.0 | 20 | 30 | 40 | 50 | 60 | 80 | 100 | 120 | 140 | 160 | 200 |
| 95 | 10.9 | 21.8 | 32.7 | 43.7 | 54.6 | 65.5 | 87.3 | 109 | 131 | 153 | 175 | 218 |
| 100 | 11.9 | 23.8 | 35.8 | 47.7 | 59.6 | 71.5 | 95.3 | 119 | 143 | 167 | 191 | 238 |
| 110 | 14.3 | 28.6 | 42.9 | 57 | 71.4 | 85.7 | 114 | 143 | 171 | 200 | 229 | 286 |
| 120 | 17.3 | 34.6 | 52 | 69.3 | 86.5 | 104 | 139 | 173 | 208 | 243 | 277 | 346 |
| 130 | 21.5 | 43 | 64.5 | 80 | 108 | 129 | 172 | 215 | 258 | 301 | 344 | 430 |
| 140 | 27.5 | 55 | 82.5 | 110 | 138 | 165 | 220 | 275 | 330 | 385 | 440 | 550 |
| 150 | 37.3 | 74.6 | 112 | 149 | 186 | 224 | 298 | 373 | 448 | 522 | 597 | 746 |
Droplet size (atomization)
The major factors affecting droplet size are the capacity, the pressure and the spray pattern. Usually an increase of the capacity, under the same conditions of pressure, produces larger droplet sizes. The increase of the pressure reduces the droplet sizes, as well as the increase of the spray angle. Air Atomizing Nozzles produce the smallest droplet sizes, full cone nozzles produce the largest droplet sizes. For every spray pattern, the table shows the median droplet sizes relative to the minimum and maximum capacity values, with a pressure of 3 bar.
| Ø lt/min. | Ø Microns | |
![]() |
0,05 - 10 | 20 - 180 |
![]() |
0.1 - 1.6 | 10 - 300 |
![]() |
0,39 - 95 | 300 - 1900 |
![]() |
0,39 - 31 | 220 - 2400 |
![]() |
0,74 - 104 | 850 - 3100 |
Impact
The spray impact depends on capacity, pressure and spray pattern. The highest impact is produced by solid stream and flat spray, the lowest one by wide full and hollow cone. Nozzle wear The nozzle wear produced on the nozzle orifice causes a capacity increase and generally a deterioration of the spray pattern. Under the same test conditions, stainless steel's wear is five time longer than brass wear.
Spray nozzles wear
The nozzle wear produced on the nozzle orifice causes a capacity increase and generally a deterioration of the spray pattern. Under the same test conditions, stainless steel's wear is five time longer than brass wear.
Hollow cone nozzles
Full cone nozzles
Flat spray nozzles
Air Atomizing Nozzles
Special nozzles
Spray Nozzles Accessories










